Panama Canal

Canal do Panama

Ok, sei que ja havia escrito algo sobre o Canal mas tive que abrir outra pagina depois da visita que fizemos as eclusas de Miraflores.

A possibilidade de uma via aquatica ligando o Atlantico ao Pacifico nesta regiao ja havia sido cogitada quatro seculos antes de alguem comecar a escavar. O rei da Espanha Carlos V ordenou que se fizesse uma pesquisa sobre a possibilidade de uma rota via canal em 1524 mas desistiram da ideia porque presumiram que o sistema de cortes nao seria adequado para o feito.

Os Franceses iniciaram um Canal em 1880 sob comando de Lesseps, o construtor do Canal de Suez, e queria repetir este feito, mas apos 20 anos de lutas contra a floresta cerrada, doencas, problemas financeiros e a grandiosidade e enorme dificuldade do projeto eles foram forcados a desistir.

Em 1903 o Panama se separa da Colombia com a ajuda dos EUA e um tratado no qual a concessao para um servico de transporte maritimo publico atraves do Istmo foi assinado entre os Panamenhos e os Americanos. No ano seguinte os Estados Unidos adquirem a propriedade da Compania Francesa do Canal por 40 milhoes de dolares e iniciam as escavacoes.

Foi uma tarefa grandiosa e ardua, como ja detalhei anteriormente, com a perda de muitas vidas mas, finalmente, em 15 de agosto de 1914 o navio cargueiro Americano Ancon executou o primeiro transito inaugurando, assim, o que hoje conhecemos como o Canal do Panama. Portanto, no proximo ano comemoram-se 100 anos desde a inauguracao.

O Canal entra em outra fase de sua Historia em 1 de outubro de 1979 quando se inicia o processo de devolucao do Canal para a republica do Panama com a assinatura de tratados assinados entre o entao chefe do Governo Panamenho General Omar Torrijos Herrera e o entao Presidente dos EUA Jimmy Carter.

O Canal e toda sua infra-estrutura na antiga Zona do Canal foi finalmente devolvida ao povo Panamenho e ficou sob controle da Republica do Panama no final de 1999.

Panama Canal

Ok, I know I had already written about the Canal but I had to write another page with complementary information after our visit to the Miraflores Locks.

The possibility of a waterway linking the Atlantic and the Pacific in this region had been well appreciated four centuries before anyone started to dig. Spain's King Carlos V ordered a survey of the canal route in 1524 but it was presumably decided that cutlasses would not be adequate for the job.

The French started a canal in 1880 under de Lesseps, builder of the Suez Canal, but after 20 years of struggle with the jungle, disease, financial problems and the sheer enormity of the project, they were forced to give up.

In 1903 Panama seceded from Colombia with the help from the USA and after that, Americans and Panamanians signed a treaty in which the concession  for a public maritime transportation service across the Isthmus was granted. The following year the USA purchased the French Canal Company's properties for U$ 40 million and began to dig.

It was a gigantic and hard task, with the loss of many lives, but finally on August 15th, 1914 the US cargo ship Ancon made the first transit marking the innauguration of what we nowadays know as the Panama Canal.

The Canal entered yet another phase of its History on October 1st, 1979 when the process of handing the Canal to the Republic of Panama began, under treaties signed by Panama's former head of Government, the late General Omar Torrijos Herrera and former US President Jimmy Carter.

The Canao and all of its infra structure in the former Canal Zone was finally under Panama control at the end of 1999.

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